The leaders of these organizations in the cities were generally army officers, but elsewhere some leaders were NCOs. For interrogations of members of the Polish underground resistance movements in western Ukraine, which were quickly penetrated and crushed by the NKVD, see the bilingual Polish-Russian volumes of documents on the Polish underground in western Ukraine and western Belorussia: Polskie Podziemie na Terenach Zachodniej Ukrainy i Zachodniej Bialorusi w Latach 1939 – 1941 / Polskoe Podpolie na Territorii Zapadnoi Ukrainy i Zapadnoi Belorussii 1939 – 1941 gg. [The Polish Underground in the Territories of Western Ukraine and Western Belorussia, 1939 – 1941], 3 vols., ed. Wiktor Komogorow et al. (Warsaw and Moscow, 2001 – 2004). See also the Polish-Ukrainian series : Polskie Podziemie 1939 – 1941 / Polske Pidpilia 1939 – 1941 [The Polish Underground in 1939 – 1941], 3 vols., ed. Zuzanna Gajowniczek, Petro Kulakowski et al. (Warsaw and Kiev, 1998 – 2004).