COMRADE: It is important for the records of our Battalion and of the International Brigades, that you cooperate in answering the following questions both exactly and as completely as possible. If there is not sufficient space opposite any question, use the other side of this sheet or another sheet of paper to complete your answer or remarks. This information is confidential, so please do not ask to see the answers given by other comrades, and feel secure that your own comments will be treated likewise.

When joined and Why Dec. 1935. Realized that the CP is the vanguard of the working class which is directing the path toward revolution and an International Soviet, i.e., the building of a better world for the masses

Unions, Fraternal organizations, Clubs you belong to, and positions held Writers' Union & Local autonomous unions formed for the summer's duration in hotels

Schooling Six years of college incl. B.S. degree & 2 years of graduate work

Military experience and previous rank No military experience

Trade Journalist—Reporting & advertising sales

Age started to work 9 years old

Employment Record (Types of work and where) 2 years news reporting in Mississippi, 9 years as a waiter at N.Y., Urbana, Illinois, Mississippi & N.J., 4 years as football coach & athletic trainer at Mississippi State College, N.Y. University, & James Monroe H.S., camp manager in NY State for 2 summers, then filled in at odd manual jobs.

If unemployed, how long? 2 periods, for 9 months & for 4 months

What was your most outstanding experience in the labor movement of the U.S. or Canada? 1. Building a co-operative restaurant for negroes & white students while in a college YCL unit; this work I led and felt in the progress thereby 2. Participating in local strikes at summer hotels in 1933, 1935, & 1936 3. Broadening the influence of the CP in my local neighborhood where we led the assistance for Spanish Democracy.

Ever arrested? What charges? Sentences? Never

What finally decided you to come to Spain? I realized the necessity from the outbreak of the uprising. It was principally a question of leaving my parents. But when I heard Phil Bard speak at a meeting of Bronx County functionaries, I decided that my duty lie where liberty was in greatest danger in Spain. I feel that as Dimitrov said, the central commission of the CI is my highest judge and its analysis of world events points to where our highest duty lies.

On the reverse side, please answer the following two questions: What is the most outstanding thing you've noticed or experienced since leaving the US or Canada; and, What do you intend to do after this war is finished? Please add any other comments, opinions or suggestions you wish, also, either for the Battalion or IB leadership, or specifically on the work of the Historical Commission. Notes on other comrades will also he appreciated.

Question #1 The most outstanding thing I have noticed since leaving the U.S. is the maturity of the People's Front and the labor movement in France & Spain as compared with the U.S. This is even reflected in the education of the little children, in their conduct on the streets oral the stations when our train approached as well as in the progress of their parents and the latter's organizations. This is coupled with the change in the institutions of Spain. Here is a former church, shorn of every ecclesiastical vestige, transformed into a House of the People with union meeting halls al the sides, a platform for speakers, posters depicting pictures and slogans reflecting the historical events of the day, the bust and name of the founder of the Socialist Party of Spain, Pablo Iglesias, proudly spread over the top of the platform, union announcements on the walls outside, and the agricultural worker leaving a meeting at this “House” of theirs at 3 A.M. to start the day's labor. Alongside this ideological transformation is the economic hangover, the primitive manner of threshing wheat, dependant upon the wind, still prevailing as a heritage from the feudalistic reign of King Alfonso and his reactionary successors. But when ideology and culture are revolutionized, the mechanical way of doing things, the methods of production will follow in the wake. It is these parallel rails of progress whose course can never be stopped, which struck me most powerfully.

On Ques. #2. When the war is finished, I would like to return to activity in the American Labor movement. However, if circumstances require my presence elsewhere, similar to the Spanish struggle against fascism, then I would go there.