To implement the following measures in raions of wholesale collectivization immediately and in the remaining areas as collectivization takes on a genuinely mass scale: 1. Repeal the applicability of laws on the leasing of land and the use of hired labor in agriculture (sections VII and VIII of the General Principles of Land Use and Land Reorganization) to individual peasant farms in raions of wholesale collectivization. Exceptions to this rule with respect to middle-peasant farms must be regulated by raion executive committees under the leadership and supervision of the okrug executive committee. 2. Confiscate from kulaks in these raions their means of production, livestock, farm and residential structures, processing enterprises, and fodder and seed reserves. 3. At the same time, in order to resolutely undermine the kulaks' influence on certain segments of the poor and middle peasantry and completely suppress any attempts at counterrevolutionary resistance by the kulaks to the measures being implemented by Soviet power and collective farms, take the following measures against the kulaks: a. Category 1—immediately liquidate the counterrevolutionary kulak aktiv elements by incarcerating them in concentration camps, not stopping

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at the death penalty for organizers of terrorist acts, counterrevolutionary disturbances, and insurrectionist organizations; b. Category 2 should be comprised of the remaining elements of the kulak aktiv, especially the richest kulaks and quasi-landowners, who are to be exiled to remote localities of the USSR and, within the borders of a given region, to remote areas of the region; c. Category 3 consists of kulaks who are left within the borders of the raion; they are to be resettled on new land plots allotted to them outside collective farms. 4. The number of kulak farms liquidated in each of the three categories must be strictly differentiated by raion, depending on the actual number of kulak farms in the raion, so that the total number of liquidated farms in all of the principal raions amounts to an average of about 3–5 percent. This guideline (3–5 percent) is designed to concentrate the strike on genuinely kulak farms and to prevent these measures under any circumstances from being extended to any segment of middle-peasant farms.

The families of Red Army men and commanders of the RKKA [Workers' and Peasants' Red Army] are not subject to exile or confiscation. As for kulaks whose family members have been working at factories and plants for a long time, an especially careful approach must be employed, and the position of the relevant persons not only in the countryside but also in the relevant factory organizations should be ascertained.

1. Instruct the OGPU to carry out repressive measures against the first and second categories of kulaks during the next four months (February-May), based on an approximate calculation—send 60,000 kulaks to concentration camps and exile 150,000 kulaks to remote areas; ensure that everything is done so that by 15 April these measures will have been implemented, in any event, against at least half of the aforementioned numbers. The implementation of these measures must be based on the specific rate of collectivization in each oblast of the USSR and coordinated with krai committees of the VKP(b).

2. Members of the families of kulaks who are exiled and incarcerated in concentration camps may, if they wish and with the consent of local raion executive committees, remain temporarily or permanently in their former raion (or okrug).

3. Based on information from the regions, establish tentatively the following distribution by oblast of kulaks to be incarcerated in camps and exiled:

With regard to the remaining oblasts and republics, instruct the OGPU to set a similar plan in coordination with the respective krai party committees and the CC of the VKP(b).

4. Exile 70,000 families to okrugs in the Northern Krai, 50,000 families to Siberia, 20,000–25,000 families to okrugs in the Urals, 20,000–25,000 families to okrugs in Kazakhstan. The areas of exile must be unpopulated and sparsely populated localities, with the exiles utilized in agricultural jobs or trades (timber, fishing, etc.). Exiled kulaks are to be resettled in these areas in small settlements, which are to be administered by designated commandants.

5. When the property of exiled and resettled kulaks is confiscated, they are to be allowed to keep only the most essential household items and some elementary means of production consistent with the nature of their work in the new locality and the minimum food reserves necessary for the initial period. The cash of exiled kulaks shall also be confiscated, while allowing the kulaks, however, to keep a certain minimum amount (up to 500 rubles per family) needed for their journey and getting settled in the locality.

6. With regard to kulak farms that are left in place, with new plots of land outside collective-farm fields allotted to them, adhere to the following guidelines: a. okrug executive committees must specify the areas of resettlement with a view to allowing only small settlements in the allotted relocation areas, which are to be administered by special committees (a troika) or by plenipotentiaries appointed by raion executive committees and confirmed by okrug executive committees; b. resettled kulaks in this category shall be allowed to keep means of production in the minimum quantities needed for farming on the newly allotted plots;

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c. resettled kulaks in this category shall be given certain production assignments in agriculture and obligations for the delivery of marketable output to state and cooperative authorities; d. okrug executive committees are to work out on an urgent basis methods of utilizing resettled kulaks as workers on special labor squads and in colonies in logging, road, land reclamation, and other work; e. with regard to kulak families that are exiled beyond the borders of the raion, it is imperative, in particular, to bear in mind the possibility of dividing them and setting certain elements of the young generation—where possible—against the remaining kulaks. This effort should include the use of such methods as the gathering of newspaper subscriptions and literature, establishing libraries, setting up common canteens and other cultural and general service measures. It is possible in certain cases to recruit specific groups of young people to perform jobs as a volunteer activity for local soviets, to support poor peasants, etc., and also to establish production artels and agricultural associations of a special type, for example, in connection with construction and land-reclamation work, forestation, uprooting of trees, etc. All these measures must be implemented under the strictest supervision of the local authorities.

7. Lists of kulak farms (category 2) to be exiled to remote areas shall be determined by raion executive committees on the basis of decisions by collective farmers' meetings and meetings of landless laborers and poor peasants and shall be approved by okrug executive committees. The procedure for resettlement of the remaining kulak farms (category 3) shall be determined by okrug executive committees.

In adopting these decisions regarding the liquidation of kulak farms in raions of wholesale collectivization, the CC categorically directs that the implementation of these measures must be organically linked with the genuinely mass collective-farm movement of poor and middle peasants and be an integral component of the process of wholesale collectivization. The CC resolutely warns against instances, which are taking place in some areas, where the work of mass collectivization is replaced by naked dekulakization. Only when combined with the broadest organization of poor peasants and landless laborers and when the masses of poor and middle peasants are unified on the basis of collectivization can the necessary administrative measures for dekulakization result in the successful fulfillment of the tasks set by the party with regard to the socialist reorganization of the countryside and the liquidation of the kulaks.

The CC stresses that all of the aforementioned measures must be implemented on the basis of the maximum development of initiative and activity by the broad collective-farm masses, above all landless laborers and poor peasants, and with their support. Decisions to confiscate kulak property and exile kulaks must be preceded by decrees of a general meeting of collective-farm members and a meeting of landless laborers and poor peasants. In warning against underestimating the difficulties involved in the implementation of these measures and demanding that local organizations take every measure to ensure that they are implemented in the most organized manner, the CC requires krai party committees and republic central committees to establish permanent leadership of the implementation of these decisions not just in words, but in practice.

2. Grant the OGPU the right for the duration of the campaign to delegate its plenipotentiary powers for the extrajudicial consideration of cases to OGPU plenipotentiary representatives in the oblasts. In these instances the cases are to be considered jointly with representatives of krai committees of the VKP(b) and procurators' offices.

3. For the current 1929–30 fiscal year, increase the OGPU staff by 800 plenipotentiaries, with the allocation of the funds needed for this purpose, to support administrative areas that have no plenipotentiaries. Authorize the OGPU to mobilize these 800 comrades first of all from among old Chekists in the reserves. In addition, increase OGPU troops by 1,000 infantrymen and cavalrymen (for the current fiscal year). The RVSR [Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic] is directed to transfer the appropriate number of personnel to the OGPU.

4. Instruct the USSR Sovnarkom to consider within three days the estimate for necessary expenditures for the aforementioned measures, the estimate for expenditures on the expulsion of kulaks to remote areas, and the estimate for the establishment of new, additional camps in areas of Siberia and the Northern Krai. The OGPU is directed to submit these estimates.

5. Direct the Commissariat of Transport and the OGPU to draw up, within five days, a plan for the necessary rail transports.

6. Instruct the Commissariat of Labor and the VTsSPS, and at the same time VSNKh and the Commissariat of Transport, to take immediate measures to purge industrial enterprises in the cities of individual kulak elements (without allowing any general purge campaign to occur at enterprises), and to take tough measures to bar such elements from going to work in industry in the future.

7. Require party committees (especially in Moscow, Leningrad, Kharkov, and Kiev), the OGPU, and the Union-republic commissariats of education to take more decisive measures in higher educational and higher technical educational institutions to combat counterrevolutionary youth groups linked to kulak elements in the countryside.

8. Revise, on an urgent basis, laws on religious associations with a view to completely eliminating any possibility whatsoever of transforming the leading bodies of these associations (church councils, sectarian communities, and others) into bases of support for kulaks, disfranchised persons, and antisoviet elements in general.

Instruct the CC Organizational Bureau to issue a directive on the closing of churches, houses of prayer of sectarians, and other facilities and on the struggle against the religious and sectarian movement in order to eliminate impediments in the soviet apparatus to the implementation of the decisions adopted by the vast majority of the peasantry to close churches, houses of prayer of sectarians, and so forth. Specify in this directive as well the necessity of carrying out these measures with particular caution in backward national areas.

9. Direct the USSR Sovnarkom to issue the legislative revisions necessitated by this decree within five days so that they are put into effect by krai executive committees and the governments of national republics in raions of wholesale collectivization immediately and in the remaining areas according to the rate of development of wholesale collectivization.

10. Issue on an urgent basis (within three days) a decree, not for publication, requiring the following to be implemented everywhere (not only in raions of wholesale collectivization):